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Current state-of-the-art lab-scale methods for fabricating superhydrophobic membranes for membrane distillation often involve complex surface modifications or the use of nanomaterials. However, these methods are difficult to scale up. This technology relates to a pure rheological spray-assisted non-solvent induced phase separation (SANIPS) approach to fabricate superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. The resulting membranes have high porosity, superhydrophobicity, high liquid entry pressure, and hierarchical micro/nanostructures. They can also be easily scaled up. The spraying step caused local distortion of the membrane surface, which induced a two-stage phase inversion. This led to the formation of multilevel polymeric crystal structures. The morphological structures and other membrane properties (e.g., mechanical strength and liquid entry pressure) could be tuned by applying spraying materials with different physicochemical properties. This facile fabrication method will pave the way for the large-scale production of superhydrophobic membranes for membrane distillation. Flat sheet membrane: Fabricated from commercial PVDF polymer. Superhydrophobic. High liquid entry pressure. One-step fabrication of the membrane with online modification of the membrane surface. Modules: Industrial-scale modules available. Customized modular design. Spiral-wound modules. Treatment of high salinity waters from mining, metal treatment, pharmaceutical, chemical synthesis, and oil and gas operations. Achieve zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) in industrial processes. Desalination of seawater or brackish water. Treat brine that is produced as a byproduct of desalination. Membrane distillation (MD) is a membrane technology that uses the vapor pressure gradient across a porous hydrophobic membrane to separate water from other components. MD offers several advantages over other membrane separation processes, including: Lower operating pressures Insensitivity to feed concentration for seawater desalination Almost 100% rejection of solutes Relatively low operating temperatures These advantages have led to promising results in MD processes for zero-liquid discharge, desalination, desalination brine treatment, and many other wastewater treatment applications. However, the commercialization of MD has been constrained by the lack of commercially available high-performance MD membranes and high energy consumption. This work addresses the lack of commercially available high-performance MD membranes and has the potential to be the next workhorse of the water industry. Treatment of difficult streams which is not possible with other conventional methods Usage of waste heat High surface area to volume ratio compared to the plate and frame membrane distillation as the current work is in the spiral-wound configuration Proven method of translating membrane fabrication from lab-scale to industrial-scale phase inversion (PI) casting line Readily available industrial-scale process settings to fabricate membrane of one meter in width and several hundreds of meter in length. Membrane Distillation, wastewater treatment Environment, Clean Air & Water, Filter Membrane & Absorption Material

Heavy metal pollution is a significant environmental issue with detrimental health effects even at low concentrations. The bipolar nanoporous membrane features a triple-layer structure, comprising a membrane base layer, a selective layer, and a protective layer. This technology relates to a compact, bipolar nanoporous membrane that effectively removes dissolved heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater and drinking water. This configuration allows the membrane to efficiently adsorb and reject charged pollutants and heavy metal ions while minimizing fouling through its antifouling properties. To implement this technology, a portable water filtration bottle has been specifically designed, fabricated, and evaluated. The filtration bottle incorporates a single-stage bipolar nanoporous membrane module, serving as a reusable filter. The technology demonstrates rejection rates (>95%) for divalent and trivalent heavy metal ions such as Arsenic (As), Copper (Cu2+), Cadmium (Cd2+), Lead (Pb2+), and Chromium (Cr3+) at concentrations ranging from 20 ppm to 100 ppm. The compact and low-pressure nature of this technology makes it highly versatile and suitable for various applications. It offers a convenient and reusable filtration solution for industrial wastewater treatment and the purification of drinking water. By effectively addressing the challenge of heavy metal pollution, this technology contributes to environmental protection and safeguarding human health. Overall, this advanced water filtration solution combines the advantages of a bipolar nanoporous membrane and a portable filtration system. Its exceptional rejection capabilities, energy efficiency, and versatility make it a promising tool in mitigating heavy metal contamination and ensuring access to clean and safe water. The technology provider is looking for interested parties from the water industry to license or acquire this technology. The developed technology for the removal of dissolved heavy metal ions using a compact, bipolar nanoporous membrane offers the following key features and specifications: Triple Layer Configuration: The bipolar nanoporous membrane utilizes a triple layer structure, comprising a membrane base layer, a selective layer, and a protective layer. This configuration enables efficient adsorption and rejection of charged pollutants and heavy metal ions while minimizing fouling. High Rejection Rates: The technology demonstrates high rejection rates (>95%) for divalent and trivalent heavy metal ions, including Arsenic, Copper, Cadmium, Lead, and Chromium. It effectively removes these contaminants from wastewater and drinking water sources. Low-Pressure Operation: The portable filtration system operates at a low working pressure of less than 1.5 bar, making it energy-efficient and suitable for various applications. Wide Concentration Range: The technology can effectively remove heavy metal ions at concentrations ranging from 20 ppm to 100 ppm, providing versatility in different water treatment scenarios. Compact and Portable Design: The technology is incorporated into a compact, low-pressure portable water filtration bottle, enabling convenient and on-the-go purification of drinking water. These features and specifications emphasize the efficiency, versatility, and convenience of the technology, making it a valuable solution for the removal of dissolved heavy metal ions in drinking water applications. The developed technology for the removal of dissolved heavy metal ions using a compact, bipolar nanoporous membrane has potential applications in various industries and sectors. Some of the industries where this technology can be deployed include: Residential and Consumer Use: The portable water filtration bottle equipped with bipolar membrane technology can be marketed for consumer use, allowing individuals to purify their drinking water at home, during travel, or in outdoor activities. Food and Beverage: The technology can be applied in the food and beverage industry to ensure the removal of heavy metal contaminants from water sources used in production and processing, ensuring the safety and quality of the final products. Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals: Hospitals, laboratories, and pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities can utilize this technology to remove heavy metals from their wastewater, ensuring environmental protection and compliance with regulations. High rejection rates (>95%) for divalent and trivalent heavy metal ions. Low-Pressure Operation Concentrations ranging from 20 ppm to 100 ppm Compact and Portable Design for portable water filtration bottle. Reusability and Cost-Effectiveness membrane, heavy metal, filtration Environment, Clean Air & Water, Filter Membrane & Absorption Material

Excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers leads to nutrient runoff into water bodies, which can severely harm aquatic ecosystems and cause eutrophication. Therefore, it is important to treat wastewater containing these nutrients. This technology takes an innovative step by not only removing nitrogen from wastewater but also recovering it and converting it into ammonia, the key ingredient in fertilizers. Using electrocatalysis technology and cost-effective non-precious metal catalysts, nitrogen is recovered from municipal and industrial wastewater. The technology is suitable for businesses with space constraints, as it comes in a decentralized and scalable device. The technology provider is looking for partners to test-bed the technology, including but not limited to owners of green roofs, urban farms, greenhouses, and household planting sites, as well as wholesalers and retailers of plants. A new flow-based electrocatalytic technology has been developed to remove, treat, and upcycle aqueous nitrates and nitrites (NOx) from agricultural and municipal waste streams. The technology uses non-precious metal complexes and nanoparticles to reduce NOx to NH4+ under electrocatalytic conditions in a flow device, achieving efficient conversion of unwanted NOx into ammonia (NH4+). The technology works best in wastewater with nitrogenous compounds of 2000 ppm. The removal efficiency of nitrogen is 62.4% and the ammonia selectivity is near 100%. The technology has been proven to handle wastewater flows of 10 m3/day. No NPK formulation is required prior to the use of fertilizers in the farms. The development of this technology has the potential to significantly reduce the environmental impact of wastewater treatment, while also providing a valuable source of ammonia for fertilizer production. The system is a decentralized product, meaning it can be applied to agricultural sites of any scale and type. This includes farms, lawns, rooftop gardens, balconies, and more. Ideal initial test bedding sites are corporate green roofs or hydroponic systems, as the water flow infrastructure in these settings is most convenient for implementing our system. The technology can close the artificial nitrogen cycle by recovering nitrogen from wastewater and producing ammonia. The decentralized system is only 1 m2 in size and is scalable, meaning it can be easily expanded to meet the needs of larger applications. Fertilisers, Nitrogen Recovery, Wastewater Treatment Environment, Clean Air & Water, Biological & Chemical Treatment, Waste Management & Recycling, Food & Agriculture Waste Management, Industrial Waste Management

Conventional soil remediation methods, such as thermal desorption, are costly and require the disposal of the resource, taking up space in landfills. These methods also alter the physical properties of the soil, which can have negative consequences for soil health and plant growth. Bioaugmentation is a promising new technology that offers a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional soil remediation methods. Bioaugmentation involves the addition of chemical-degrading microorganisms to the contaminated site. These microorganisms break down the pollutants into harmless byproducts, allowing the land, soil, and water to be reused. The bioaugmentation technology developed is highly portable and does not require the deployment of large machinery on-site. This makes it a cost-effective and efficient option for soil remediation, especially in remote or difficult-to-access areas. The soil after treatment is compliant with the current United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) and Australian standards (below 1,000 ppm Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH)). The technology has also been proven to be effective in tropical climates. Overall, bioaugmentation is a promising new technology that offers a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional soil remediation methods. It is a cost-effective and efficient option for soil remediation, especially in remote or difficult-to-access areas. The technology has also been proven to be effective in tropical climates. The technology provider is seeking a partner to test the feasibility of our treated soil for farming and land restoration purposes, and to develop a formulation for soil rehabilitation for farming and food production without the use of fertilizers. The bioaugmentation technology uses locally sourced microbial strains that are optimized for climate conditions in Southeast Asia and the tropics. The technology involves the addition of chemical-degrading microorganisms to contaminated soil or groundwater. The non-genetically modified, non-pathogenic, and non-toxic formulated product can be stored in air-conditioned facilities (25oC) for up to 100 days. Features: Locally sourced microbial strains that are optimized for climate conditions in Southeast Asia and the tropics. Non-genetically modified, non-pathogenic, and non-toxic formulation. Manufactured in Singapore (does not require import permit to deploy in Singapore). Can be stored in air-conditioned facilities (25°C) without the need for refrigeration. Shelf life up to 100 days. The product can also be spray-dried for export. Highly portable and able to reach hard-to-access and restricted areas. Does not require the deployment of heavy machinery or sophisticated instruments. Simple application procedure: unseal and pour. Specifications: The application dose for soil is approximately 1 liter of product per 1 metric ton per 10,000 ppm total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). TPH reduction from 35,000 ppm to 7,000 ppm (5-fold or 80% reduction) within 100 days using the direct application (without the use of biopile). TPH reduction from 27,000 ppm to 1,000 ppm (27-fold or ~95% reduction) within 100 days using covered aerated biopile. Advantages: The formulation is specifically designed for use in tropical climates, unlike other products that are only effective in temperate regions. The technology has been field-proven in four different locations in Singapore and is ready for large-scale application. The highly portable product can be applied on-site, eliminating the need to transport soil or water to a designated facility. This also means that heavy machinery is not required, which can save time and money. The technology does not require the replacement of soil, which can save further costs and reduce environmental impact. The technology can be applied in a variety of settings, including small spaces and fire hazard areas. The process does not require thermal desorption, incineration, or landfilling, which reduces greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption compared to conventional treatment methods. The technology has been used to successfully treat 2,500 metric tons of soil in Goi (2017). *For treatment up to 100 tons only with at least 2 full-time workers on-site. This technology can be used to remediate contaminated soil and groundwater, both onshore and offshore. It can also be used to treat wastewater treatment plants and tanks, as well as non-centralized groundwater treatment systems. Additionally, this technology can be used to rehabilitate soil for farming and food production without the use of fertilizer. Personalised direct collaboration with designer-developer Customised solutions on-site in Singapore Bioaugmentation, Soil Rehabilitation, Wastewater Treatment Environment, Clean Air & Water, Biological & Chemical Treatment

With a focus on built environment, the digital twin technology developed by a Singapore SME offers a suite of tools to model, analyse and continually optimise entire groups of buildings, portfolios, communities, cities and resource networks across their lifecycle, providing a truly scalable solution to decarbonise the built environment. Bridging the gap between the real world and simulation, the digital twin enables the energy efficient design and continuous operational optimisation of not just single but entire groups of buildings. The digital twin solution investigates operational problems using AI and machine learning, engaging the community feedback in real time. It improves operational decisions by understanding where to focus attention on and facilitate decision making by the building operators. The technology owner is seeking partnerships with large building portfolio owner, product developer, IoT solutions provider who can deploy the digital twin solution for their clients. The digital twin tools integrate physics-based simulation with 3D models, real-time operational data, machine learning and AI, to provide a digital twin solution for the built environment that is unique to any other in today’s market. The digital twin technology provides: Physics Enabled Simulation Climate Ready Master-planning Design & Retrofit to Zero-Carbon Standards Community Energy & Renewable Integration Operational & Community Dashboards Data Analysis from Physical & Virtual Sensors Real-Time Optimisation & Fault Detection The digital twin technology can be used in any built environment (e.g. universities, local authorities, commercial real estate, healthcare, manufacturing, cities). The solution can be used for singular buildings or scale up to a city, across any geographical scale, the tools link all aspects of every building’s lifecycle from design and construction right through to operation. The solution connects everyone from owners and occupants, to planners and community leaders, in a single collaborative environment. Digital twins are one of the fastest growing technology segments in the market. Fortune Business estimates the market to be USD 6.7bn with a CAGR of 40%. The growth potential coupled to the growing applications makes digital twins an enormous potential for this decade.  Fully scalable from a single building to an entire city, The digital twin technology goes beyond building information modelling to create a live digital twin which responds and behaves like its real world counterpart. Delivering the data-driven information needed to uncover significant energy, carbon, capital and operational savings, while taking account of resource use, transport, social and economic factors. Digital Twins, Decarbonization, Net-Zero Buildings, Zero Carbon, Sustainability Energy, Sensor, Network, Power Conversion, Power Quality & Energy Management, Green Building, Sensor, Network, Building Control & Optimisation, Environment, Clean Air & Water, Sensor, Network, Monitoring & Quality Control Systems, Sustainability, Low Carbon Economy

Routine monitoring of water quality is paramount in aquaculture operations such as Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) to ensure high productivity and high produce quality. Currently, the monitoring of microbial content in water is mostly based on visualisation of water turbidity and observation of fish behaviour. Some RAS operations use the bacterial culture-based approach for surveillance of microbial quality of water. However, this approach is laborious, requires microbiological testing expertise, and test results are obtainable only after a long incubation period.  Bioluminescent ATP assay is another method that can be used to monitor microbial content. However, it requires lysis of bacteria to release the ATP contained inside the bacteria, and enzymatic reaction of luciferase on ATP to produce the luminescence. While it provides results within a short time, the cost of luciferase, lysis reagents and luminometer could be prohibitive for routine and extensive testing of water samples.   The technology owner has developed a non-enzymatic test reagent which gives a rapid colour change in the presence of Gram-negative bacteria. The technology owner is keen to collaborate with manufacturers of analytical instruments and diagnostic test kits, as well as partners from the aquaculture, biomedical and water quality control industries, to further develop and commercialise this technology. Features of this novel test reagent include: Fast reaction, any colour change is visible within 15-20 seconds Specific detection of Gram-negative bacteria, e.g. Vibrio spp., which contribute to many of the bacterial diseases in aquaculture Does not require samples to be treated with lysis buffer prior to adding the test reagent Can be prepared easily by simple mixing of a formulated solution with a powder Environmentally benign and not corrosive This test reagent is efficient in detecting aquatic bacteria in aquaculture farms. It is a convenient, instrument-free, and economical alternative to detect presence of Gram-negative bacteria, enabling more farmers to monitor the microbial content more regularly and frequently to avoid the disease outbreaks.  It may also be applied in other sectors which require routine monitoring of bacteria, such as environmental water testing laboratories, biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. Rapid colour change and can be visualised without the use of any electronic devices Quick and simple preparation and testing method without involving special equipment or personnel with advanced microbiological testing expertise  Ingredients of the test reagent are commercially available at low cost Environmentally benign and do not require special treatment for disposal  Unlike ATP reagents that require storage at low temperatures, this test reagent is stable at 25-30°C for at least 8 months Rapid, Colorimetric, Detection, Non-Enzymatic, Aquatic, Bacteria Life Sciences, Agriculture & Aquaculture, Chemicals, Analysis, Environment, Clean Air & Water, Sensor, Network, Monitoring & Quality Control Systems, Sustainability, Food Security

Thin film composite (TFC) membranes are the main membrane types for reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes. RO membranes can be used for desalination, utility water treatment, wastewater treatment and reuse as well as process water treatment. NF membranes can allow monovalent ions, such as sodium chloride, to pass through the membrane, while rejecting divalent and multivalent ions, such as sodium sulfate. It has applications in the diary, food, dye, biotech, pharmaceutical and industrial processes for concentrating targeted streams. Boosting membrane permeability without a decrease in their rejection to target ions has been the objective of many membrane producers. Many methods have been proposed in literature to achieve the target, such as incorporating nanoparticles or surfactants. However, the synthesis of uniform nanoparticles in large scale is a problem and the long-term stability of nanoparticles in the polyamide layer is of concern. The process of adding surfactants is also not controllable, leading to a potential concern for quality control in the final membrane product. This invention relates to a simple method to increase the water permeability of thin film composite membranes for nanofiltration and reverse osmosis by 2 to 5 times. The chemicals involved are readily commercially available and the method is simple without the need to change the existing production line. In this technology, the researchers have identified additives that are thermodynamically stable and can be synthesised with a narrow size distribution. Compared to surfactants, the additives have controllable size, which can help fabricate nanofiltration membrane with precise rejection to target ions. These features can facilitate future large scale production of the improved TFC membrane. This invention can be applied to all types of TFC membranes, including NF and RO membranes, which can be used for desalination, utility water treatment, wastewater treatment, etc.  According to MarketsandMarkets, the global membranes market is projected to reach USD10.1 billion by 2027. NF membranes are expected to grow the fastest with multiple end users. The water and wastewater treatment segment is the main driver for the RO membrane market. The global RO membrane market size is expected to reach about USD5 billion by 2026.  Water permeability can be increased by 2-5 times with minimal trade-off of salt rejection of the membrane Does not require changes to the existing production line Works on support with different chemistries (e.g. PES, PSF) Works on both flat sheet and hollow fiber supports   Nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, Thin film composite (TFC) membranes, nanofiltration (NF) membranes Materials, Composites, Environment, Clean Air & Water, Filter Membrane & Absorption Material

This technology is a patented synbiotics (combination of probiotics and prebiotics) cleaning solution that offers a safe and sustainable alternative to traditional cleaning products and disinfectants. When released onto the surface, the probiotics will digest and break down dirt, grime, and other unwanted substances while the prebiotics in the solution act as an additional source of nutrition for the probiotics. The resultant surface microbiome provides a continuous cleaning effect that is longer lasting than traditional cleaning chemicals and disinfectants. Often, the overuse of traditional chemicals and disinfectants results in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), allergenic reactions to the user, negative impact on the environment and short effective lifespan. With this synbiotics technology, users can overcome these limitations and achieve a long-term effective cleaning system and a natural microflora to the environment. When utilised in healthcare settings, the synbiotics cleaning solution demonstrated a higher reduction of pathogens (80% more), decreased AMR (up to 99.9%) and health-associated infections (52% lesser). The technology owner is interested in co-development projects and test-bedding opportunities with companies looking for a sustainable and long-lasting cleaning technology i.e., cleaning equipment and automation manufacturers/suppliers and cleaning service providers. This technology consists of proprietary dual action deep cleaning probiotics enzymes and specially formulated surfactants which helps to detox surfaces, break down biofilm and dirt components through a continuous cleaning effect and microscopically purifying down to the deepest pores of surfaces. Main features of this synbiotics cleaning technology include: High efficacy and able to target broad spectrum of pathogens Long-lasting and continual cleaning efficacy Safe and non-toxic Decreased AMR (up to 99.9%) Reduction in health-associated infections (52%) Suitable for water-resistant surfaces This technology can be deployed across several sectors including healthcare, commercial, industrial, and residential buildings on water resistant surfaces (floor and walls). The technology owner has successfully test-bedded the technology in local healthcare institutions. By varying the probiotics used, this technology may also be used in agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry and personal care applications to extend the benefits of probiotics into new products. The global healthcare facilities and household cleaner market is estimated to be valued at US$55 billion in 2022. With the continuous use of chemical disinfectants, multi-resistant bacteria like super bugs and MRSA are expected to raise AMR and account for a rise in AMR-related deaths. This synbiotics cleaning technology can overcome and reduce AMR concerns, maintaining a long-term effective cleaning system and a natural microflora to the environment. This technology overcomes limitations in using conventional cleaning products and disinfectants such as: Limited effective short lifespan results Increasing health risks (acute & chronic) to both the user and consumers Requires more manpower & cleaning frequency Difficultly in breaking down biofilms, causing recurring odour and dirt It also provides and maintains a chemical-free, long-term effective cleaning system through the dual action deep cleaning efficiency. The technology owner is interested in co-development projects and test-bedding opportunities with companies looking for a sustainable and long-lasting cleaning technology i.e., cleaning equipment and automation manufacturers/suppliers and cleaning service providers. probiotics, prebiotics, cleaning, synbiotics, sustainable, eco-friendly, long-lasting, microbiome, antimicrobial, antimicrobial resistance, natural, health associated infections, sanitisation, disinfectant, chemicals Environment, Clean Air & Water, Biological & Chemical Treatment, Sanitisation, Chemicals, Bio-based, Sustainability, Sustainable Living

The regulations aimed at reducing carbon emissions have led to the adoption of a remodelling strategy that focuses on decreasing the energy usage of buildings. This can be achieved through measures such as thermal insulation and retrofitting, which extend the lifespan of buildings while reducing their energy consumption. The proposed technology by a Singapore-based research team utilises proprietary Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) material for reinforcement to enhance the longevity of buildings. It contains a modified epoxy adhesive used in the FRP-adhesive-concrete interfaces to provide a range of advantageous properties, that include being 5 times lighter while 10 times higher tensile and flexural strength than steel, cost-effective in production, easily shaped, demonstrating high corrosion resistance, and offering both flexibility and tolerance to misalignment. In addition, through the modification of bonding agents and surface aerogel insulation, the fire retardancy of the material had been enhanced by 3 classes to V-0 rating according to the UL 94 plastic flammability standard. Among the superinsulation materials, aerogel stands out with its unique acoustic properties and significantly lower thermal conductivity of approximately 0.014 W/m.K. Additionally, it possesses exceptional physical and chemical attributes, such as its translucent structure. As a result, it is widely regarded as one of the most highly promising materials for thermal insulation in building applications. The FRP technology is currently pending fire testing to meet local regulatory requirements (e.g., BS 476 Part 20-23) and will be subjected to evaluation by the Building Innovation Panel of BCA in coming months. The technology owner is keen to support interested industrial partners to fabricate larger prototype of the FRP for test-bedding on site, and eventually license the intellectual property to the industrial partner for commercialisation. Through the external strengthening of structural components, the fire retardant FRP improves structural properties, leading to reduced environmental concerns, lower construction material costs, decreased labour requirements, and reduced CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. Silica aerogels typically exhibit a longitudinal acoustic velocity on the order of 100 m/s, making them suitable for various applications in acoustic devices for noise insulation. Furthermore, aerogels boast the lowest refractive index and dielectric constant among all solid materials. FRP is regarded as superior to conventional steel due to its notable advantages, including exceptional corrosion resistance, high flexibility, and tolerance to misalignment. It is also lightweight, cost-effective to produce, easy to shape, and possesses high tensile and flexural strength. Furthermore, FRP exhibits elastic properties. By modifying the bonding agent used in FRP-adhesive-concrete interfaces, the strength from the FRP developed using the proposed technology can be enhanced by 12%, and its flammability can be improved from an unclassified level to achieving a V-0 rating under the standard UL-94. Previously, aerogel found limited use in small-scale applications within the aerospace industry. However, there is now a growing trend of employing aerogel for larger building-integrated applications, aiming to reduce energy consumption. This has sparked renewed interest from both start-ups and established insulation manufacturers. The technology itself is relatively straightforward, making it an attractive choice for building owners and architects seeking a simple solution to lower energy costs. By incorporating aerogel insulation, buildings can enhance their energy performance and provide improved comfort and satisfaction for occupants. Remarkably, this technology can be applied to various types of buildings, including HDB flats, shop houses, commercial and industrial buildings, as well as both landed and non-landed housing units. Moreover, its versatility extends to both existing structures and new construction projects. Looking ahead, aerogel insulation is poised to play a significant role in the future of green building materials. Its applications extend beyond buildings and encompass areas such as architecture, vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft, and marine insulation. Meanwhile, fire retardant fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) materials have emerged as a valuable solution for building retrofitting and structural strengthening applications, particularly in terms of fire safety. These materials combine the strength and flexibility of FRP with fire-resistant properties, making them an effective choice for enhancing the fire resistance of existing structures or strengthening them to withstand fire-related incidents. When applied to building retrofitting, fire retardant FRP materials can be used to upgrade the fire performance of structural elements such as columns, beams, slabs, and walls. This approach is particularly beneficial for structures that do not meet current fire safety codes or have aged fire protection systems. The unique value proposition of aerogel insulation materials lies in their exceptional thermal performance, lightweight nature, versatility, moisture management capabilities, enhanced comfort, longevity, and environmental sustainability. These qualities make aerogel insulation materials an attractive choice for a wide range of building applications, offering significant energy savings and improved building performance. The fire retardant FRP is able to enhance fire resistance, provide structural strengthening, resist corrosion, offer lightweight and space-efficient solutions, ensure flexibility and ease of installation, offer cost-effectiveness, and provide design versatility. These qualities make fire retardant FRP materials a compelling choice for improving the fire safety and structural integrity of buildings. Aerogel blanket, Thermal insulation, Acoustic insulation, Fibre reinforced polymer, Fire retardant Materials, Composites, Environment, Clean Air & Water, Biological & Chemical Treatment, Green Building, Façade & Envelope