TECH OFFERS

This technology offer presents a nano-formulated iron supplement designed to enhance nutrient uptake and improve plant growth efficiency. Using nano-sized iron particles, the formulation increases iron solubility and bioavailability, ensuring faster absorption through plant roots and foliage. Iron is essential for chlorophyll production, photosynthesis, and metabolic enzyme activities. In many soils, especially alkaline or calcareous soils, iron becomes unavailable, leading to yellowing leaves and reduced growth. The formulation overcomes this challenge by delivering iron in a stable, highly absorbable form that maintains plant greenness, increases leaf development, and enhances overall plant vigor. Field trials on Brazilian spinach demonstrated up to 82% increase in plant height, broader leaf formation, and healthier coloration compared to untreated controls. The technology owner is open to further co-development and field validation through multi-site trials, data sharing, and performance benchmarking across various soil types and crops. This nano-chelated iron formulation (23% w/w Fe) utilises nano-sized iron particles to increase solubility, mobility, and absorption efficiency in plant tissues. Key features include: High Bioavailability & Rapid Uptake - Nano-scale particle size allows faster penetration through root and leaf membranes, improving nutrient translocation. Supports Chlorophyll & Photosynthesis - Enhances chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthetic activity, resulting in deeper green foliage and improved energy production. Prevents Chlorosis in High-pH Soils - Remains soluble and plant-available even in alkaline or calcareous soils where conventional iron forms become insoluble. Improved Plant Growth Performance - Proven to increase plant height (up to 82%), expand leaf width, and strengthen stems, based on controlled plant trials. Compatible with Foliar and Soil Application - Water-soluble formulation suitable for weekly foliar spray or root irrigation feeding. Field & Plantation Crops Enhances chlorophyll formation and growth in crops such as paddy, corn, sugarcane, and oil palm, especially in iron-deficient soils. Leafy and High-Value Vegetables Improves leaf size, greenness, and yield quality in vegetables such as spinach, kangkung, sawi, salad greens, and herbs. Fruit Trees & Orchard Management Supports strong vegetative growth and fruit setting in mango, papaya, citrus, guava, banana, and other fruiting plants. Greenhouse, Hydroponics & Vertical Farming Provides controlled iron supplementation in soilless systems, ensuring continuous nutrient availability for efficient plant metabolism. Nurseries & Seedling Production Strengthens early-stage plant development, promoting healthier, greener seedlings with improved survival and transplant success. This formulation delivers iron in a highly bioavailable nano-chelated form, ensuring rapid absorption and effective nutrient utilisation even in soils where conventional iron fertilisers fail. Its nano-scale formulation prevents chlorosis, enhances chlorophyll production, and significantly improves plant vigor and growth with lower application volume, reducing overall fertiliser cost. The product provides visible results, including greener leaves, stronger stems, and increased yield quality. Safe, water-soluble, and compatible with foliar or root application, the supplement supports sustainable, high-efficiency farming across field crops, vegetables, fruit trees, nurseries, and hydroponics. It offers farmers a proven, fast-acting, and cost-effective plant nutrition solution. nano-iron, fertiliser, fertilizer, advanced foliar supplement, precision nutrient delivery Chemicals, Agrochemicals, Life Sciences, Agriculture & Aquaculture, Sustainability, Food Security

The agriculture sector faces a double challenge: rising animal feed costs and unsustainable food waste management. For many livestock farmers, feed accounts for up to 70% of operating costs, with heavy reliance on volatile imports like soybean meal, corn, and fish meal. At the same time, the food and beverage industry generates millions of tons of nutrient-rich by-products such as okara, spent grain, and fish offal, much of which is discarded—causing methane emissions and environmental harm. This technology provides a circular solution by converting high-moisture food waste into stable, high-value livestock nutrition. Through an innovative bio-conversion process, nutrient-rich by-products are rapidly transformed into a low-moisture, shelf-stable feed enriched with beneficial microorganisms. The resulting feed not only reduces dependence on imported raw materials but also supports animal health and productivity. Compared with insect protein or traditional heat-drying, this approach is faster, more energy-efficient, and scalable across both rural and industrial contexts. The technology directly lowers feed costs for farmers by 5–20%, creates new revenue streams from food waste, and cuts greenhouse gas emissions by up to 2 tons of CO₂e per ton diverted, while requiring only low CAPEX and minimal investment for setup. The technology owner seeks collaboration with IHLs, research centres, F&B/waste management players, and deep tech IoT companies for R&D, licensing, and test-bedding opportunities. Biological Processing System – Combines proprietary enzymatic treatment with lactic acid fermentation to upcycle high-moisture food waste (e.g., spent grain, okara, fish offal) into protein-rich livestock feed. Moisture Reduction – Rapidly reduces water content from >90% to <20% without relying on energy-intensive dryers. Nutrient Stabilization – Fermentation inhibits pathogens, preserves nutrients, and generates probiotic compounds that enhance gut health and feed efficiency in animals. Simple, Modular Infrastructure – Operates with accessible equipment such as hydraulic presses, fermentation tanks, and drying racks. Scalable Deployment – Suitable for decentralized rural applications as well as larger industrial facilities. Animal Feed Industry – Provides cost-effective, sustainable alternatives to soybean meal, corn, and fish meal for poultry, swine, and aquaculture. Food & Beverage Industry – Valorization of by-products from breweries, tofu factories, slaughterhouses, and seafood processors. Waste Management Sector – Supports municipalities and private waste handlers in reducing landfill loads and methane emissions. Climate & Carbon Credit Market – Enables monetization of waste diversion and reduced GHG emissions through carbon credits. Current alternatives for sustainable feed—such as insect farming, algae cultivation, or heat-based drying—face significant limitations in cost, scalability, and energy intensity. Traditional feed milling remains dependent on volatile global commodities like soybean meal, corn, and fish meal, while insect-based systems require weeks-long growth cycles and yield high-moisture biomass that is difficult to scale. Heat-drying of by-products, meanwhile, demands high capital and energy input, restricting use in rural or resource-limited settings. This technology overcomes these challenges by combining a rapid, low-energy bio-conversion process with lactic acid fermentation to produce stable, probiotic-enriched feed directly from food industry by-products. The result is a circular, climate-smart solution that: Cuts feed costs by 5–20% through local waste valorization. Removes reliance on energy-intensive dryers, enabling deployment in rural and developing regions. Boosts animal health and productivity with probiotic-enriched feed. Reduces carbon emissions, with each ton of waste diverted avoiding 1.5–2 tons of CO₂e. Supports modular, decentralized production, creating resilience and local economic value. Sustainability, Food Security

Globally, the average daily salt intake is 10.8g—more than twice the WHO’s recommended limit—leading to widespread health issues. In Singapore, 90% of residents consume nearly double the recommended sodium intake, contributing to prevalent health concerns like hypertension and dyslipidemia. Reducing sodium intake is a cost-effective way to enhance public health. However, simply lowering salt content arbitrarily can result in an unacceptably bland taste and compromised flavor stability. Potassium chloride (KCl) is commonly used as a salt substitute, but it has a bitter aftertaste and poses potential health risks, particularly for individuals with kidney disease or those on specific medications. This technology aims to reduce sodium intake by using a natural low sodium rice umami extract, developed using advanced sodium reduction technology without MSG or alternatives(KCI). This innovative approach amplifies the salty taste sensation, and ensures the natural umami of rice is extracted to its fullest potential. As a result, this technology produces low sodium salt that enhances flavor while promoting healthier consumption by reducing sodium intake without compromising taste. 80% Lower Sodium Content Compared to Regular Salt Sodium content in regular salt: 38,758 mg per 100g Sodium content in Low-Sodium Rice Salt: 7,391 mg per 100g Fine-Powderization Technology Utilizing optimized data-driven processing, the technology increases the surface area of salt particles that come into contact with taste buds, enhancing solubility and delivering a clean salty taste perception with less sodium. Natural Umami Extracted from Korean Rice Through advanced extraction technology, a deep, toasty umami flavor is naturally derived from Korean rice. Free from artificial flavors and additives, this enhances the depth and richness of dishes with a clean, natural taste.   Two other natural salt alternatives are available: Wasabi salt made from Korean wasabi leaves cultivated with eco-friendly method 65% Lower Sodium Content Compared to Regular Salt (3,737mg sodium per 100g) Shrimp salt made from Korean wild shrimp 73% Lower Sodium Content Compared to Regular (10,524mg sodium per 100g) The Low-Sodium Rice Salt is designed for both B2C and B2B markets, offering a wide range of applications across different industries. B2C Applications : Premium table salt in high-end grocery stores and department stores. B2B Applications : Salt pack for meal kits, ready-to-drink (RTD) products, and home meal replacement (HMR) finished products. Utilized as a low-sodium seasoning for healthy snacks. Incorporation into fine dining and restaurant menus, enhancing dishes with its low-sodium content and natural umami flavor. Replacing regular salt with this technology will allow consumers to enjoy their food with full flavour and reduced sodium intake, unlike other sodium reduction alternatives like MSG or KCl. Food, Salt, Low-Sodium, Natural Condiments, Natural Umami, Natural Flavours, Rice Extract Foods, Ingredients, Sustainability, Food Security

With increasing regulatory pressure to reduce synthetic agrochemicals and growing consumer demand for pesticide free and longer lasting produce, there is a gap in the agriculture industry for a robust solution. The technology featured is a proprietary bioflavonoid blend, a key bio-active agent formulated into two unique solutions that can be applied across the entire food supply chain—from farm to table. These organic solutions are designed to enhance agricultural productivity while extending the shelf life of fresh produce. Benefits include: Nutrient Optimization – Rapidly addresses deficiencies, ensuring crops reach their full potential Soil Regeneration – Stimulates beneficial soil biology, enhancing long-term fertility Accelerated Early Growth – Strengthens root development and speeds up early-stage crop growth Harvest Efficiency – Enhances flowering, improves bud retention, and promotes even ripening, reducing labor and processing costs Organic Growth Enhancer This formulation works by activating the plant’s natural nutrient cycling mechanisms, which results in  Nutrient Optimization – Rapidly addresses deficiencies, ensuring crops reach their full potential Soil Regeneration – Stimulates beneficial soil biology, enhancing long-term fertility Accelerated Early Growth – Strengthens root development and speeds up early-stage crop growth Harvest Efficiency – Enhances flowering, improves bud retention, and promotes even ripening, reducing labor and processing costs Based on the various applications in farms, this growth enhancer has resulted in: Up to 20% increase in leaf BRIX measurements Up to 38% improvement in Crop Yield Up to 20% improvement in Soil Biology Up to 42% increase in Fruit Sets Up to 40% increase in Yeast Assimilated Nitrogren (Grapes) Up to 20% increase seen across Total Phenolics Up to 11% increase in Digestible Protein (Wheat) Up to 46% increase in Fat Content (Soy beans) Up to 21% increase in Marketable Cartons (Citrus) Organic Shelf Life Enhancer Fresh produce often spoils due to microbial growth, enzymatic activity, and moisture loss. This formulation is a powerful blend of botanical extracts that extends the freshness of fruits and vegetables naturally by: Inhibiting Microbial Growth – Reduces spoilage by preventing bacteria and mold from proliferating Slowing Oxidation & Decay – Bioflavonoids help delay enzymatic degradation, keeping produce firm and fresh This Organic Growth Enhancer has shown great potential in a wide range of farming systems and crops. Conventional Farms – Enhances nutrient absorption and yield in large-scale farming operations Vertical & Hydroponic Farms – Optimizes plant health in soil-less and controlled environments Diverse Crop Compatibility – Proven effectiveness in leafy greens, berries, cherries, sugarcane, rice, vineyards, cotton, and more This Organic Shelf Life Enhancer also has the potential to be applied along the post-harvest supply chain. Post-Harvest Treatment – Applied immediately after harvest to maintain quality and extend storage life Produce Processors – Reduces spoilage during handling, packaging, and transportation Retail & Grocery Stores – Keeps fruits and vegetables fresher for longer on store shelves The global agricultural biostimulants market is projected to reach $6.2 billion by 2030, driven by increasing demand for sustainable farming solutions. Similarly, the fresh produce shelf-life extension market is expected to grow rapidly, with food waste reduction initiatives fueling demand for natural preservation technologies. Given the widespread use across farms, food processors, and retailers, our solutions tap into two high-growth and high-impact industries. This technology has shown significant effect on the health of plants and soils. Key differentiators include: Certified Organic and 100% free of synthetic chemicals Providing an effective solution along the entire value chain from pre- to post-harvest Trialed on a variety of different soil-grown crops   crop yield enhancer, agriculture, organic, hydroponic, shelf life enhancer Chemicals, Agrochemicals, Life Sciences, Agriculture & Aquaculture, Foods, Quality & Safety, Waste Management & Recycling, Food & Agriculture Waste Management, Sustainability, Food Security

The Malabar snapper (Lutjanus malabricus) is a highly sought-after carnivorous fish species, extensively cultured in Singapore and the Indo-Pacific region. Despite its aquaculture significance, no commercial feeds specifically designed to meet its nutritional requirements are available. Instead, production relies on generic diets, which are not cost-effective nor optimized for Malabar snapper’s growth and well-being. This existing practice not only drives up feed costs but also hampers productivity and increases the species' vulnerability to diseases. To address these challenges, a tailored feed formulation for Malabar snapper has been developed to minimize reliance on fish meal by incorporating cost-effective, locally sourced alternative protein ingredients. This innovative approach is designed to optimize growth performance, enhance nutrient utilization, and strengthen health outcomes in Malabar snapper aquaculture. This specialised feed has been developed to meet the dietary requirements of Malabar Snapper, optimising growth, health, and feed efficiency. The formulation consists of a balanced proportion of proteins, carbohydrates, and oils, supplemented with essential micro-ingredients. A co-rotational twin-screw extruder was used to ensure uniform mixing of the ingredients and dried on a fluidized bed dryer to maintain pellet structure. This advanced processing technology employs precise control over moisture, temperature, and processing speed, ensuring enhanced pellet quality and energy-efficient production. Aquaculture feed producers seeking to eliminate the need for extensive research and development in creating a species-specific feed for Malabar snapper Malabar Snapper farmers in Singapore and Indo-Pacific region Species-Specific Nutrition: Tailored to meet the dietary requirements of Malabar snapper, addressing gaps in existing generic marine fish feeds. Proven Farm-Level Performance: Validated under real farm conditions, demonstrating abilities in reducing production time by 17%; improving feed conversion ratio by 25%; and decreasing feed costs by 27%. Sustainability: Reduced reliance on fish meal by including cost-effective, locally available alternative protein sources. High-Quality Manufacturing: Advanced extrusion and drying processes ensure consistent pellet quality and nutritional value, enhancing feed efficiency.   aquaculture feed, sustainable feed, fish farming, feed optimization Life Sciences, Agriculture & Aquaculture, Sustainability, Sustainable Living, Food Security

This protein powder is packed with high protein and calcium. Rich in umami taste, this protein powder is an effective natural flavour enhancer, suitable to be incorporated into any kind of foods for more nutritious meals. The protein powder is sustainably sourced and produced from minced fish by-products from the surimi process.  The technology is at pilot scale and is ready for commercial scale up. With an environmentally friendly technology process, the powder is promoting zero waste strategies and SDGs No. 2, 3 ,11, 12 and 13. The technology provider is seeking for collaborators to co-develop and apply the powder into various other products. Nutritious - contains 65% protein and 11% calcium High quality and pure powder Savoury and rich in umami Ready to scale Stored ambient Green processing techniques – freeze drying technology, no chemical additives used   The ideal collaboration partners are ingredients supplier, food manufacturing and food service companies who want to elevate flavour profile of their foods and increase protein content with the functional protein ingredients. Protein powder can apply for various types of foods and beverages. It can add up as the natural flavour enhancer in soups, chilli paste, and savoury menus. Moreover, it can expand the production line from human foods to pet foods as natural flavour enhancer or palatants and it can expand the market into another mega-market. The market value for protein ingredients worldwide was USD $79.94 M in 2022 and forecasted to grow to  USD $114.6 M by 2030*. *Statista 2023 This protein powder with high protein (65%) and high calcium (11.07%) is a unique natural flavour enhancer that has low molecular weight of 16 kDa with all essential amino acid. As a functional ingredient, this protein will add value to food businesses and to individual consumer. Protein powder, high protein, high calcium, zero waste, SGD goals, environmentally friendly production, upcycled, fish byproducts, surimi byproducts Foods, Ingredients, Waste Management & Recycling, Food & Agriculture Waste Management, Sustainability, Food Security

Side stream valorisation in sectors such as food and beverage manufacturing has gained substantial interest over the years. These waste streams, particularly the liquid fraction, are rich in nutrients and organics that can be converted into value-added products through suitable bioprocesses. One promising product is purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) — a metabolically diverse group of proteobacteria containing bacteriochlorophyll a and b. Due to their versatile metabolic pathways, PPB can effectively remove pollutants from various wastewater streams, even under stressful conditions. Their light-driven metabolism and hormone-secreting abilities also make them excellent bio-fertilizers and bio-stimulants, enhancing soil health and promoting plant growth. The proposed PPB cultivation technology in a photobioreactor (PBR) system achieves higher treatment efficiency and biomass productivity compared to conventional open ponds. The produced PPB biomass has demonstrated its capacity to enrich soil with essential nutrients and supply key phytohormones that support plant development. Beyond agriculture, PPB biomass holds strong potential in aquaculture as a feed replacement or additive. Its high protein content and balanced amino acid profile make it a sustainable alternative to fishmeal. Furthermore, studies have shown that PPB supplementation can enhance fish immune responses and improve resistance to common diseases, supporting healthier and more resilient aquaculture systems. Overall, this innovative PPB cultivation technology enables circular resource recovery and offers a sustainable pathway for the agriculture and aquaculture industries to develop eco-friendly, value-added bioproducts from nutrient-rich waste streams. The technology provider is seeking for collaborators to test bed the technology and to license the technology. The biomass conversion process boasts high efficiency, achieving up to 0.8 grams of biomass for every gram of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removed. Its versatility allows it to work with various types of feed, adaptable to different loads and conditions. High efficiency and robustness of the technology also contribute to more compact system design and lower operating cost. This sustainable approach in PPB production utilizes waste streams from food manufacturing sectors, transforming waste into valuable products. Additionally, biomass generated from the technology offers a novel application in stimulating and supporting plant growth.   The PPB technology can be deployed in wastewater treatment processes, to remove organics and pollutants efficiently. PPB can enhance essential nutrients in the soil and support plant growth. It can be used as alternative agricultural inputs such as bio-fertilizer and bio-stimulant, promoting crop yield in a sustainable manner. Value-added product derived from the technology also has high level of protein content, which can be utilised as alternative in animal feed formulation for aquaculture or livestock breeding. This novel compact PPB cultivation technology offers higher treatment efficiency and wider product applications than the conventional open ponds systems. Purple phototrophic bacteria, bio-fertilizer, agriculture, valorisation, microbes, PPB Foods, Quality & Safety, Waste Management & Recycling, Food & Agriculture Waste Management, Sustainability, Food Security

Globally, the post-harvest loss of tropical fruits due to short shelf life is estimated to be around 30-50% of total production. This translates to approximately 30 million tons of fruit wasted each year. The economic cost is substantial, amounting to billions of dollars annually, affecting producers, retailers, and consumers due to reduced availability and increased prices. Proliferation of fungal and bacterial population further adversely impact the shelf life and fruit health. Our innovation offers tailored, edible coating using regulatory approved ingredients specific to the fruit family and microbiomes observed in the farms. Tests conducted in labs and farms over the past two years have provided positive results for tropical fruits such as mango, avocado and papaya in doubling shelf life. This solution has multiple benefits to the stakeholders in the industry value chain. The farmer and aggregator can sell with better assurance to wider export markets and also charge a premium for fresher, tastier and longer lasting fruits. This also provides more time for retailers to sell the produce and to reduce dependency on cold storage and costly supply chain management. This innovation contributes significantly towards better food security and sustainability goals. The technology provider is seeking to conduct further trial with farmers, aggregators in Asia to enhance their solution. Our fruit coating technology utilises ingredients that are vegan, halal, and previously determined to be generally recognized as safe by regulators. These priviledged coatings extend shelf life by controlling water loss, texture deterioration, microbial growth, respiration (O2 and CO2 permeability throught the skin), and senescence processes (modification of internal atmosphere). The team works through the microbial dynamics at each stage of the supply chain, develops and validates region-specific targeted interventions, enhancing the efficacy of our coatings. In summary our solutions enable healthier, fresher and longer lasting tropical fruits through effective control over: Dehydration (We keep the water in to delay the fruit from drying out) Oxidation (We balance the gases movement) Microbial and pathogen growth (We make it difficult for bacteria, yeast, and mould to adversely impact shelf life) The technology provider is looking for collaborators such as retailers, aggregators, importers to farms, distributors and exporters. The technology provider is open for collaborations with like-minded individuals and organisations, specialising or concerned about food security and fruit wastage as a key pressing global challenge. Fruit postharvest processing; fresh agricultural products; fruit exports Widen supply chain options for importers, retail chains and wholesalers Exporters, aggregators or farmer to enable healthier longer lasting fruits for consumers who do not need to consume in a hurry. Nearly a third of the global fruits produced continue to end up in spoilages. Global trade combined for Avocado, mango and papaya exceeds $40b. This represents a significant global market opportunity for the solution, when by investing say 5% of the spends, 20 to 30% wasted spoilage can be saved. This presents an attractive global market potential for $100m potential revenue, considering a conservative 5% of market share*. In Asia alone, due to inadequate supply chains, cold storage and climatic conditions, the fruit losses are even higher. With increasing consumer awareness, fresh tropical fruits are also the most consumed fruits in Singapore and nearby regions. A couple of scenarios below depict the ground-up market potential, considering just for one fruit (papaya or avocado) in these countries.  This potential will only be enhanced further once the added benefits of reduced dependence on packaging, transportation and cold storage are considered.     Market for Papayas in Singapore S$37.1M Retailers’ potential savings from using our solution S$5.4 – 11.2 M   Market for Indonesian Avocados S$637 M Retailers’ potential savings from using our solution S$72 – 153 M Thus, starting off by addressing the challenges faced in Singapore and Asia, the adoption could be expanded for catering to global markets, leading to a multi-million potential in the years to come.  * Major Tropical Fruits: Market Review Preliminary Results (2023), FAO Technology: Our technology revolves around proprietary edible coatings derived from natural plant materials that have antibacterial and antifungal properties. This innovative approach forms a protective film barrier around fruits, significantly protects the fruit from bacterial and fungal growth, and slows down water loss and oxidation—the primary causes of spoilage. Unlike competitors which do not tackle bacteria or fungal infection, limit efficacy or rely on additives or gases to regulate ethylene levels or employ specific packaging solutions, our technology is a one-step process in the supply chain. This unique technology preserves the natural freshness and quality of produce and reduces the need for refrigeration and synthetic preservatives, which can lower overall operational costs. Business Model: We aim to spin off this technology and will operate on a business-to-business (B2B) model, collaborating closely with growers, suppliers, and retailers across the food supply chain. We will generate revenue through licensing our technology and sell our proprietary coatings to partners, alongside providing consulting and integration services. This model allows the technology to scale its impact by embedding our technology directly into existing supply chain processes, optimizing efficiency and reducing food waste. Cost Efficiency: Our technology offers cost efficiency by extending the shelf life of produce without requiring extensive cold chain infrastructure or costly equipment. By reducing the frequency of spoilage and waste throughout the supply chain, we help partners save on losses associated with unsellable produce and logistical expenses related to cold storage and transport. This cost-effectiveness aligns with market demands for sustainable solutions. Fruit spoilage, Food loss, Shelf life extension, Supply chain de-risking, Food security, Environment sustainability Foods, Quality & Safety, Packaging & Storage, Sustainability, Circular Economy, Food Security

The plant-based abalone is designed and prepared with mung beans, which are rich in protein, but the mung bean protein is often treated as a side stream in the industry. The plant-based abalone contains protein content comparable to that of real abalone. It also contains enhanced nutrients such as essential fatty acids which can potentially play a key role in heart health, cancer prevention, cognitive function, skin health, and obesity prevention. In addition, when cooked, this plant-based abalone presents physical properties like the real abalone, at a fraction of the cost. The technology provider is working on larger scale trials to develop optimal methods for central kitchen operations and looking to collaborate with the food industry on R&D and also to license the technology. Affordable and cost-effective compared to real abalones Similar physical properties to real cooked abalones and stable at retort, frozen, thawed and cooked conditions Versatility of application, e.g.plant-based scallops The applications include but are not limited to: High-end Food in Traditional Festivals Cuisines in Central Kitchens, Bars, Restaurants and Hotels Canned Products Pre-Packaged Frozen Products Snacks (South East Asia) Comparable protein content with real abalone Clean label Affordable price Time-saving production (1/4 or 1/24 time of the growth time of abalone) as compared with cultured abalone Sustainable production valorising food by-products of mung bean protein Nutritious, Plant-based protein, Abalone, High protein, sustainable Foods, Ingredients, Quality & Safety, Sustainability, Food Security